The total, 1.125 kilograms of converted drug weight, has an offense level of 8 in the Drug Quantity Table. 2D1.2. (18) If the defendant meets the criteria set forth in subdivisions (1)(5) of subsection (a) of 5C1.2 (Limitation on Applicability of Statutory Minimum Sentences in Certain Cases), decrease by 2 levels. If you're charged with a federal drug crime, you should contact an attorney who practices in federal court (not me). Instead, treat each dose of LSD on the carrier medium as equal to 0.4 milligrams of LSD for the purposes of the Drug Quantity Table. Statutory Provisions: 21 U.S.C. Mixture or substance does not include materials that must be separated from the controlled substance before the controlled substance can be used. Additionally, any costs of environmental cleanup and harm to persons or property should be considered by the court in determining the amount of restitution under 5E1.1 (Restitution) and in fashioning appropriate conditions of supervision under 5B1.3 (Conditions of Probation) and 5D1.3 (Conditions of Supervised Release). For example, subsection (a)(2) would not apply to a defendant who possessed a dangerous weapon in connection with the offense, a defendant who guarded the cache of controlled substances, a defendant who arranged for the use of the premises for the purpose of facilitating a drug transaction, a defendant who allowed the use of more than one premises, a defendant who made telephone calls to facilitate the underlying controlled substance offense, or a defendant who otherwise assisted in the commission of the underlying controlled substance offense. Imposition of Consecutive Sentence for 21 U.S.C. PAUL A Bemidji man has pleaded guilty to possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine after law enforcement seized a pound of methamphetamine and a pen gun from a vehicle in May 2022. Structuring Chemical Transactions or Creating a Chemical Mixture to Evade Reporting or Recordkeeping Requirements; Presenting False or Fraudulent Identification to Obtain a Listed Chemical; Attempt or Conspiracy, (1) The offense level from 2D1.11 (Unlawfully Distributing, Importing, Exporting, or Possessing a Listed Chemical) if the defendant knew or believed that the chemical was to be used to manufacture a controlled substance unlawfully; or, (2) The offense level from 2D1.11 (Unlawfully Distributing, Importing, Exporting or Possessing a Listed Chemical) reduced by 3 levels if the defendant had reason to believe that the chemical was to be used to manufacture a controlled substance unlawfully; or. Note, however, that if an adjustment from subsection (b)(3)(C) applies, do not apply 3B1.3 (Abuse of Position of Trust or Use of Special Skill). The base offense levels in 2D1.1 are either provided directly by the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 or are proportional to the levels established by statute, and apply to all unlawful trafficking. Historical Note: Section 2D3.4 (Illegal Transfer or Transshipment of a Controlled Substance; Attempt or Conspiracy), effective November1, 1987, amended effective November 1, 1990 (amendment 359) and November 1, 1992 (amendment 447), was deleted by consolidation with 2D3.2 effective November 1, 1993 (amendment 481). In the case of a mixture or substance containing PCP, amphetamine, or methamphetamine, use the offense level determined by the entire weight of the mixture or substance, or the offense level determined by the weight of the PCP (actual), amphetamine (actual), or methamphetamine (actual), whichever is greater. Historical Note: Effective November 1, 1987. In order to comply with the relevant statute, the court should determine the appropriate "total punishment" and, on the judgment form, divide the sentence between the sentence attributable to the underlying drug offense and the sentence attributable to 21 U.S.C. 841(c)(2) or (f)(1), or 960(d)(2), (d)(3), or (d)(4), decrease by 3 levels, unless the defendant knew or believed that the listed chemical was to be used to manufacture a controlled substance unlawfully. A woman has pleaded guilty in Amarillo Federal Court for one count of "Distribution and Possession With Intent to Distribute Methamphetamine" after she was charged in late August 2022. The latter category typically carries stiffer penalties upon conviction, compared to simple possession, as the goal is to punish and deter drug In a case involving a large-scale dealer, distributor, or manufacturer, an upward departure may be warranted. Interaction with 3B1.3.A defendant who used special skills in the commission of the offense may be subject to an adjustment under 3B1.3 (Abuse of Position of Trust or Use of Special Skill). For marihuana plants, the Commission has adopted an equivalency of 100 grams per plant, or the actual weight of the usable marihuana, whichever is greater. (G) In the case of LSD on a carrier medium (e.g., a sheet of blotter paper), do not use the weight of the LSD/carrier medium. The offense level for methylamine is determined by using 2D1.11. (D) Departure Based on Potency of Synthetic Cathinones.In addition to providing converted drug weights for specific controlled substances and groups of substances, the Drug Conversion Tables provide converted drug weights for certain classes of controlled substances, such as synthetic cathinones. Amended effective November 1, 1992 (amendment 447); November 1, 2002 (amendment 646). Thus, the approach decided upon by the Commission will harmonize offense levels for LSD offenses with those for other controlled substances and avoid an undue influence of varied carrier weight on the applicable offense level. Application of Subsection (b)(16).. 865, increase by 2 levels. 5. (C) the defendant had minimal knowledge of the scope and structure of the enterprise. C, Amendment 396 (effective November 1, 1991). A federal district judge will determine any sentence after considering the U.S. 802(32). The total therefore converts to 23.142 kilograms of converted drug weight, which has an offense level of 16 in the Drug Quantity Table. 845a), 861 (formerly 21 U.S.C. (A) Distributing to a Specified Individual or Involving Such an Individual in the Offense (Subsection (b)(16)(B)).If the defendant distributes a controlled substance to an individual or involves an individual in the offense, as specified in subsection (b)(16)(B), the individual is not a vulnerable victim for purposes of 3A1.1(b). (C) Ice, for the purposes of this guideline, means a mixture or substance containing dmethamphetamine hydrochloride of at least 80% purity. At least 150 KG but less than 450 KG of Cocaine; WebThis list includes all federal (not state) sentencing laws that require the judge to give the offender a mandatory minimum prison term. (i) Departure Based on Concentration of Synthetic Cannabinoids.Synthetic cannabinoids are manufactured as powder or crystalline substances. Laws that require the judge manufacture, For additional statutory provision(s), see Appendix A (Statutory Index). The latter category typically carries stiffer penalties upon conviction, compared to simple possession, as the goal is to punish and deter drug dealers. Background: Because a conviction under 21 U.S.C. In an offense involving an agreement to sell a controlled substance, the agreed-upon quantity of the controlled substance shall be used to determine the offense level unless the sale is completed and the amount delivered more accurately reflects the scale of the offense. The decision to treat each plant as equal to 100 grams is premised on the fact that the average yield from a mature marihuana plant equals 100 grams of marihuana. Each year, the Commission reviews and refines these policies in light of congressional action, decisions from courts of appeals, sentencing-related research, and input from the criminal justice community. Historical Note:Effective November 1, 1987. 859 (formerly 21 U.S.C. Background: This section covers the offense of knowingly opening, maintaining, managing, or controlling any building, room, or enclosure for the purpose of manufacturing, distributing, storing, or using a controlled substance contrary to law (e.g., a "crack house"). (1) If the offense involved unlawfully manufacturing a controlled substance, or attempting to manufacture a controlled substance unlawfully, apply 2D1.1 (Unlawful Manufacturing, Importing, Exporting, or Trafficking) if the resulting offense level is greater than that determined above. (D)If the offense (i) involved the manufacture of amphetamine or methamphetamine; and (ii) created a substantial risk of harm to the life of a minor or an incompetent, increase by 6 levels. (C) In a case involving ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine tablets, use the weight of the ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, or phenylpropanolamine contained in the tablets, not the weight of the entire tablets, in calculating the base offense level. (iii) The defendant is convicted of selling 80 grams of cocaine (Level 14) and 2grams of cocaine base (Level 12). 841 and 960 receive identical punishment based upon the quantity of the controlled substance involved, the defendants criminal history, and whether death or serious bodily injury resulted from the offense. Acquiring a Controlled Substance by Forgery, Fraud, Deception, or Subterfuge; Attempt or Conspiracy. In such a case, a downward departure may be warranted. 860a of manufacturing, or possessing with intent to manufacture, methamphetamine on premises where a minor is present or resides; or. Web21 U.S.C. ` 8
Provided, however, that if the actual weight of the marihuana is greater, use the actual weight of the marihuana. The base offense level corresponding to that aggregate quantity is level 30. 1. 842(a)(1), 843(a)(1), (2). (a) Base Offense Level (Apply the greater): (1) 3 plus the offense level from the Drug Quantity Table in 2D1.1; or. 26. The Drug Conversion Tables set forth in Application Note 8 were previously called the Drug Equivalency Tables. A sentence resulting from a conviction sustained prior to the last overt act of the instant offense is to be considered a prior sentence under 4A1.2(a)(1) and not part of the instant offense. 1. According to court documents, However, there may be cases in which a substantially greater quantity of a synthetic cannabinoid is needed to produce an effect on the central nervous system similar to the effect produced by a typical synthetic cannabinoid in the class, such as JWH-018 or AM-2201. This guideline applies only in a case in which the defendant is convicted of a statutory violation of drug trafficking in a protected location or involving an underage or pregnant individual (including an attempt or conspiracy to commit such a violation) or in a case in which the defendant stipulated to such a statutory violation. Additionally, any costs of environmental cleanup and harm to persons or property should be considered by the court in determining the amount of restitution under 5E1.1 (Restitution) and in fashioning appropriate conditions of supervision under 5B1.3 (Conditions of Probation) and 5D1.3 (Conditions of Supervised Release). (a) Base Offense Level (Apply the greatest): (1) 43, if the defendant is convicted under 21 U.S.C. (C) Examples for Combining Differing Controlled Substances.. 2D2.3. (1) If the offense level is determined under subsection (a)(2), do not apply an adjustment under 3B1.2 (Mitigating Role). Under this format, a dealer charged with trafficking 400 grams of powder, worth Subsection (b)(11) implements the directive to the Commission in section 6(1) of Public Law 111220. (21 U.S.C. See Application Note 8. (2) If the offense involved (A) an unlawful discharge, emission, or release into the environment of a hazardous or toxic substance; or (B) the unlawful transportation, treatment, storage, or disposal of a hazardous waste, increase by 2 levels. (2) A person who violates paragraph (1) of this. Continuing Criminal Enterprise; Attempt or Conspiracy. Application of Subsection (b)(8).For purposes of subsection (b)(8), masking agent means a substance that, when taken before, after, or in conjunction with an anabolic steroid, prevents the detection of the anabolic steroid in an individuals body. Note that in determining the scale of the offense under 2D1.1, the quantity of both the controlled substance and listed chemical should be considered (see Application Note 5 in the Commentary to 2D1.1). Examples of such materials include the fiberglass in a cocaine/fiberglass bonded suitcase, beeswax in a cocaine/beeswax statue, and waste water from an illicit laboratory used to manufacture a controlled substance. Unlawful Possession, Manufacture, Distribution, Transportation, Exportation, or Importation of Prohibited Flask, Equipment, Chemical, Product, or Material; Attempt or Conspiracy, (1) 12, if the defendant intended to manufacture a controlled substance or knew or believed the prohibited flask, equipment, chemical, product, or material was to be used to manufacture a controlled substance; or. As explained on my Possession page, having any amount of Drug possession offenses are largely handled by the states, with widely varying sentencing guidelines. Application of Subsection (b)(1)."Firearm" and "dangerous weapon" are defined in the Commentary to 1B1.1 (Application Instructions). WebThis list includes all federal (not state) sentencing laws that require the judge to give the offender a mandatory minimum prison term. PAUL, Minn. A Bemidji man has pleaded guilty to possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine, announced United States Attorney Andrew M. Luger. (2) If the defendant is convicted of violating 21 U.S.C. 21a-278a (a) (iv) The location of the laboratory (e.g., whether the laboratory is located in a residential neighborhood or a remote area), and the number of human lives placed at substantial risk of harm. For additional statutory provision(s), see Appendix A (Statutory Index). Example: The defendant was in possession of 80 grams of ephedrine and 50 grams of phenylpropanolamine, an aggregate quantity of 130 grams of such chemicals. Distribution or intended sale of Finally, subsection (a)(2) does not apply if the defendant had previously allowed any premises to be used as a drug establishment without regard to whether such prior misconduct resulted in a conviction. Substantial Risk of Harm Associated with the Manufacture of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine.. 845), 860 (formerly 21 U.S.C. at least 1.5 KG but less than 4.5 KG of Methamphetamine (actual), or 12. Statutory Provisions: 21 U.S.C. Multiple Transactions or Multiple Drug Types.Where there are multiple transactions or multiple drug types, the quantities of drugs are to be added. 1. Statutory Provision: 21 U.S.C. Minor has the meaning given that term in Application Note 1 of the Commentary to 2A3.1 (Criminal Sexual Abuse). At least 30,000,000 units but less than 90,000,000 units of Ketamine; (a) Base Offense Level: the offense level applicable to the underlying offense. (J) Fentanyl analogue, for the purposes of this guideline, means any substance (including any salt, isomer, or salt of isomer thereof), whether a controlled substance or not, that has a chemical structure that is similar to fentanyl (N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl] propanamide). Such offenses interfere with the ability of others to safely access and use the area and also pose or risk a range of other harms, such as harms to the environment. Likewise, an adjustment under 3B1.3 ordinarily would apply in a case in which the defendant is convicted of a drug offense resulting from the authorization of the defendant to receive scheduled substances from an ultimate user or long-term care facility. WebFederal law prohibits unauthorized distribution, possession with intent to distribute, and simple possession of oxycodone and other Schedule II controlled substances (such as hydrocodone and morphine). Then add the converted drug weights to determine the combined converted drug weight (subject to the cap, if any, applicable to the combined amounts). (H) Hashish, for the purposes of this guideline, means a resinous substance of cannabis that includes (i)one or more of the tetrahydrocannabinols (as listed in 21 C.F.R. 846 Prohibits attempts and conspiracies If as part of the enterprise the defendant sanctioned the use of violence, or if the number of persons managed by the defendant was extremely large, an upward departure may be warranted. 841(b)(1)(A), (b)(1)(B), or (b)(1)(C), or 21 U.S.C. At least 600 KG but less than 1,800 KG of Hashish Oil; The concentrated substance is then usually sprayed on or soaked into a plant or other base material, and trafficked as part of a mixture. PAUL, Minn. A Bemidji man has pleaded guilty to possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine, announced United States Attorney Andrew M. Luger. 3. Historical Note: Effective November 1, 1987. "Interactive computer service", for purposes of subsection (b)(4) and this note, has the meaning given that term in section 230(e)(2) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. (A) Controlled Substances Not Referenced in Drug Quantity Table.The Commission has used the sentences provided in, and equivalences derived from, the statute (21 U.S.C. The last sentence of subsection (a)(5) implements the directive to the Commission in section 7(1) of Public Law 111220. Consequently, in cases involving LSD contained in a carrier medium, the Commission has established a weight per dose of 0.4milligram for purposes of determining the base offense level. For example, P2P (an immediate precursor) and methylamine (a listed chemical) are used together to produce methamphetamine. Under U.S. federal law, it is a crime to distribute illegal drugs, which are referred to legally as controlled substances. WebSee Instruction 3.15. (C) Whether a lesser or greater quantity of the controlled substance not referenced in this guideline is needed to produce a substantially similar effect on the central nervous system as a controlled substance referenced in this guideline. 865.Section 865 of title 21, United States Code, requires the imposition of a mandatory consecutive term of imprisonment of not more than 15 years. According to the guilty plea and court documents, law enforcement 994(n), by reason of a defendants substantial assistance in the investigation or prosecution of another person who has committed an offense. See 5K1.1 (Substantial Assistance to Authorities). 843(a)(3). PWID is a Class A misdemeanor, if the substance was a Schedule V drug. [Subsection (c) (Drug Quantity Table) is set forth after subsection (e) (Special Instruction).]. 1319(c); the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. 1319(c), the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. Historical Note: Effective November 1, 1991 (amendment 371). Amended effective November 1, 2010 (amendments746 and 748); November 1, 2011 (amendment 750); November 1, 2014 (amendment 783); November 1, 2018 (amendment 807). The diazepam, a Schedule IV drug, converts to 625 grams of converted drug weight. (a) Base Offense Level (Apply the greatest): (1) 2 plus the offense level from 2D1.1 applicable to the quantity of controlled substances directly involving a protected location or an underage or pregnant individual; or, (2) 1 plus the offense level from 2D1.1 applicable to the total quantity of controlled substances involved in the offense; or, (3) 26, if the offense involved a person less than eighteen years of age; or. (B) Whether the controlled substance not referenced in this guideline has a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system that is substantially similar to the stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system of a controlled substance referenced in this guideline. At least 3 KG but less than 9 KG of Ephedrine; At least 1 KG but less than 3 KG of Ephedrine; At least 300 G but less than 1 KG of Ephedrine; At least 100 G but less than 300 G of Ephedrine; At least 70 G but less than 100 G of Ephedrine; At least 40 G but less than 70 G of Ephedrine; At least 10 G but less than 40 G of Ephedrine; At least 8 G but less than 10 G of Ephedrine; At least 6 G but less than 8 G of Ephedrine; At least 4 G but less than 6 G of Ephedrine; At least 2 G but less than 4 G of Ephedrine; At least 1 G but less than 2 G of Ephedrine; The Commission promulgates guidelines that judges consult when sentencing federal offenders. If the substance (except gamma-hydroxybutyric acid) is in liquid form, one unit means 0.5 milliliters. (4) If the offense involved stealing anhydrous ammonia or transporting stolen anhydrous ammonia, increase by 6 levels. 22. 865, specifying the number of months to be served consecutively for the conviction under 21 U.S.C. See 21 U.S.C. 25. 841 (a) (1) See Statute. 2D3.1. WebOn the other hand, possession with the intent to distribute can carry fines of tens or even hundreds of thousands of dollars and carry prison sentences of up to 25 years or more. Plant.For purposes of the guidelines, a plant is an organism having leaves and a readily observable root formation (e.g., a marihuana cutting having roots, a rootball, or root hairs is a marihuana plant). Amended effective November 1, 1991 (amendment 397); November1, 1992 (amendment 447). Regulatory Offenses Involving Registration Numbers; Unlawful Advertising Relating to Scheduled Substances; Attempt or Conspiracy. For additional statutory provision(s), see Appendix A (Statutory Index). (1) If the offense involved possession of a controlled substance in a prison, correctional facility, or detention facility, apply 2P1.2 (Providing or Possessing Contraband in Prison). When a mandatory minimum penalty exceeds the guideline range, the mandatory minimum becomes the guideline sentence. WebAny person who violates section 841(a)(1) of this title or section 856 of this title by distributing, possessing with intent to distribute, or manufacturing a controlled Special sentencing provisions for possession of Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol, "roofies" or "roaches") impose a Penalties for possession with intent to distribute are potentially even more severe. The enhancement also applies to offenses that are referenced to 2D1.1; see 2D1.2(a)(1) and (2), 2D1.5(a)(1), 2D1.6, 2D1.7(b)(1), 2D1.8, 2D1.11(c)(1), and 2D1.12(c)(1). Applicability to Counterfeit Substances.The statute and guideline also apply to counterfeit substances, which are defined in 21 U.S.C. In this section, learn about the Commissions mission, structure, and ongoing work. (A) If the offense involved (i) an unlawful discharge, emission, or release into the environment of a hazardous or toxic substance; or (ii) the unlawful transportation, treatment, storage, or disposal of a hazardous waste, increase by 2levels. (i) Factors to Consider.In determining, for purposes of subsection (b)(14)(C)(ii) or(D), whether the offense created a substantial risk of harm to human life or the environment, the court shall include consideration of the following factors: (I) The quantity of any chemicals or hazardous or toxic substances found at the laboratory, and the manner in which the chemicals or substances were stored. Application of Subsections (b)(1) and (b)(2).. Historical Note: Effective November 1, 1987. (ii) The manner in which hazardous or toxic substances were disposed, and the likelihood of release into the environment of hazardous or toxic substances. Web4.21.841 (a) (1)A Possession With Intent to Distribute a Controlled Substance, 21 U.S.C. 6928(d), the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U.S.C. 2. Application of Subsection (b)(14).. At least 1,875,000 units but less than 5,625,000 units of Flunitrazepam; In 2018, the Commission amended 2D1.1 to replace marihuana as the conversion factor with the new term converted drug weight and to change the title of the Drug Equivalency Tables to the Drug Conversion Tables.. At the same time, the weight per dose selected is less than the weight per dose that would equate the offense level for LSD on a carrier medium with that for the same number of doses of PCP, a controlled substance that comparative assessments indicate is more likely to induce violent acts and ancillary crime than is LSD. Additionally, an enhancement under 3B1.3 ordinarily would apply in a case in which the defendant used his or her position as a coach to influence an athlete to use an anabolic steroid. Each year, the Commission reviews and refines these policies in light of congressional action, (B) Directly Involved in the Importation of a Controlled Substance (Subsection(b)(16)(C)).Subsection (b)(16)(C) applies if the defendant is accountable for the importation of a controlled substance under subsection (a)(1)(A) of 1B1.3 (Relevant Conduct (Factors that Determine the Guideline Range)), i.e., the defendant committed, aided, abetted, counseled, commanded, induced, procured, or willfully caused the importation of a controlled substance. However, there may be cases in which a substantially lesser or greater quantity of a synthetic cathinone is needed to produce an effect on the central nervous system similar to the effect produced by a typical synthetic cathinone in the class, such as methcathinone or alpha-PVP. Section 5C1.2(b), which provides a minimum offense level of level 17, is not pertinent to the determination of whether subsection(b)(18) applies. Background: This section implements the direction to the Commission in Section 6482 of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988. 2D1.7. List II chemicals are generally used as solvents, catalysts, and reagents. 2007). In some cases, the enhancement under subsection (b)(14)(A) may not account adequately for the seriousness of the environmental harm or other threat to public health or safety (including the health or safety of law enforcement and cleanup personnel). As a result, the punishment can be harsher if the defendant pleads or is found guilty, particularly if the defendant was involved in gang activity or organized crime. 230(f)(2)). (1) The offense level from 2D1.1 (Unlawful Manufacturing, Importing, Exporting, or Trafficking (Including Possession with Intent to Commit These Offenses); Attempt or Conspiracy) applicable to the underlying offense, except that 2D1.1(a)(5)(A), (a)(5)(B), and (b)(18) shall not apply. (II) The manner in which hazardous or toxic substances were disposed, and the likelihood of release into the environment of hazardous or toxic substances. WebAny person who violates section 841 (a) (1) of this title or section 856 of this title by distributing, possessing with intent to distribute, or manufacturing a controlled substance in or on, or within one thousand feet of, the real property comprising a public or private elementary, vocational, or secondary school or a public or private college, A woman has pleaded guilty in Amarillo Federal Court for one count of "Distribution and Possession With Intent to Distribute Methamphetamine" after she He pled 17. 16. 70506)1 1st offense Substance Amount Fine Imprisonment Heroin 1 kilogram2 or more $10/50 million 10 years to life 100 to 999 grams $5/25 million 5 to 40 years 5124 (relating to violations of laws and regulations enforced by the Department of Transportation with respect to the transportation of hazardous material). 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A ( statutory Index ). ], Minn. a Bemidji man has pleaded guilty to possession with to. Give the offender a mandatory minimum penalty exceeds the guideline range, the Comprehensive Environmental,! 42 U.S.C 1.5 KG but less than 4.5 KG of methamphetamine ( actual,! Powder or crystalline substances referred to legally as controlled substances.. 2D2.3 865, increase by levels! Of 8 in the Commentary to 1B1.1 ( application Instructions ). ] minimal of! Guilty to possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine, announced United States Attorney Andrew Luger! Provision possession with intent to distribute federal sentencing s ), 860 ( formerly 21 U.S.C P2P ( an immediate precursor and... 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