(F) If the superintendent finds that an applicant for a license as a foreign real estate dealer, or each named member, manager, or officer of a partnership, association, or corporate applicant is at least eighteen years of age, has passed the examination required under this section or has had the requirement of an examination waived, and appears otherwise qualified, the superintendent shall issue a license to the applicant to engage in business in this state as a foreign real estate dealer. of the Ohio Revised Code to which we refer in our explanations. (A) The Ohio real estate commission is a part of the department of commerce for administrative purposes. Persons licensed as real estate salespersons who subsequently become licensed real estate brokers shall continue to submit proof of continuing education in accordance with the time period established in this section. (L) "Superintendent" or "superintendent of real estate" means the superintendent of the division of real estate and professional licensing of this state. (3) A licensee who obtains confidential information concerning another client of the brokerage in a dual agency relationship shall not, under any circumstances, disclose that information to or use that information for the benefit of the licensee's client. A licensee representing a purchaser shall do the following: (A) Disclose to the licensee representing the seller, or if the seller is not represented, disclose to the seller, that the licensee represents the purchaser in the transaction. (F) No applicant for a salesperson's license shall take the salesperson's examination who has not established to the satisfaction of the superintendent that the applicant: (b) Has not been finally adjudged by a court to have violated any municipal, state, or federal civil rights laws relevant to the protection of purchasers or sellers of real estate or, if the applicant has been so adjudged, at least two years have passed since the court decision and the superintendent has disregarded the adjudication because the applicant has proven, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the applicant is honest and truthful, and there is no basis in fact for believing that the applicant again will violate the laws involved. (a) In any action under Section 98, 1193.6, 1194, or 1197.1 to recover wages because of the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed by an order of the commission or by statute, an employee shall be entitled to recover liquidated damages in an amount equal to the wages unlawfully unpaid and interest thereon. (CC) "Credit-eligible course" means a credit or noncredit-bearing course that is both of the following: (1) The course is offered by an institution of higher education. (U) "Exclusive right to sell or lease listing agreement" means an agency agreement between a seller and broker that meets the requirements of section 4735.55 of the Revised Code and does both of the following: (1) Grants the broker the exclusive right to represent the seller in the sale or lease of the seller's property; (2) Provides the broker will be compensated if the broker, the seller, or any other person or entity produces a purchaser or tenant in accordance with the terms specified in the listing agreement or if the property is sold or leased during the term of the listing agreement to anyone other than to specifically exempted persons or entities. A fee of one hundred thirty-five dollars shall be charged by the superintendent for each successive application made by an applicant. If it is determined that the licensee has been convicted of any criminal offense, the superintendent may immediately suspend the license of the licensee. The Legislative Service Commission staff updates the Revised Code on an ongoing basis, as it completes its act review of enacted legislation. (5) If a foreign real estate transaction is consummated with a buyer who was referred by the owner to the person who sold the owner that foreign real estate, the occurrence of the referral shall be disclosed by the person who sold the owner that foreign real estate. When the superintendent determines that prima-facie evidence of a violation of division (A)(21) of section 4735.18 of the Revised Code or any of the rules adopted thereunder exists, the superintendent may do either of the following: (a) Initiate disciplinary action under section 4735.051 of the Revised Code for a violation of division (A)(21) of section 4735.18 of the Revised Code, in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code; (b) Personally, or by certified mail, serve a citation upon the licensee. (C) Nothing in this section limits any obligation of a seller to disclose to a purchaser all material facts known by the seller pertaining to the physical condition of the property, nor does it limit the obligation of the prospective purchaser to inspect the physical condition of the property. (4) A real estate broker who is representing a seller under an exclusive right to sell or lease listing agreement shall not advertise such property to the public as "for sale by owner" or otherwise mislead the public to believe that the seller is not represented by a real estate broker. No licensee shall knowingly give false information to any party in a real estate transaction. Service of process upon any person may be initiated by leaving with the secretary of state or an assistant secretary of state four copies of the process, an affidavit stating the address of the person given on the consent-to-jurisdiction document, and a fee of five dollars. (B) The brokerage policy on agency described in division (A) of this section shall include all of the following information: (1) An explanation of the permissible agency relationships available under section 4735.53 of the Revised Code and the duties that the agent owes the agent's client; (2) The brokerage's policy on representation of purchasers or sellers; (3) Whether at some time during the agency relationship the brokerage and its licensee may act as a dual agent, and the options and consequences for the client if a dual agency situation arises including the right of the client to terminate the agency relationship and seek representation from another source; (4) Whether at some time during the agency relationship, another licensee affiliated with the same brokerage as the licensee may become the exclusive agent for the other party in the transaction and whether each licensee will represent only the interests of that licensee's client; (5) The brokerage's policy on cooperation with other brokerages, including whether the brokerage offers compensation to other brokerages or will seek compensation from other brokerages; (6) That a brokerage that has a purchaser as a client represents the purchaser's interests even though the seller's agent or the seller may compensate that purchaser's brokerage; (7) That the signature of the purchaser or the seller indicates acknowledgement of receipt of the brokerage policy on agency. If the commissioners reverse the determination of the superintendent, a hearing shall be held and the complainant and licensee notified as provided in this division. As Ohio State University explains, adverse possession in Ohio is a holdover doctrine from old English law that may give caretakers the right to legally claim land they utilize. All applications of firms or corporations shall be accompanied by a certified copy of the resolution of the proper officers or managing board authorizing the proper officer to execute them. (B) Every nonresident applicant shall file an irrevocable consent that suits and actions may be commenced against such applicant in the proper court of any county of this state in which a cause of action may arise or in which the plaintiff may reside by the service of any process or pleading authorized by the laws of this state on the superintendent of real estate. If the superintendent finds that such evidence does not exist, within five business days thereafter, the superintendent shall so notify the complainant and licensee of the superintendent's determination and the basis for the determination. The licensee shall request the extension and provide the physician's statement to the division no later than one month prior to the end of the licensee's three-year continuing education reporting period, unless the disability did not arise until the last month of the three-year reporting period, in which event the licensee shall request the extension and provide the physician's statement as soon as practical after the occurrence of the disability. There is hereby created the Ohio real estate commission, consisting of five members who shall be appointed by the governor, with the advice and consent of the senate. (D) The superintendent, with the consent of the commission, may enter into an agreement with a recognized national testing service to administer the real estate salesperson's examination under the superintendent's supervision and control, consistent with the requirements of this chapter as to the contents of the examination. For any subsequent offense, the commission shall revoke the license of the broker or salesperson. The instruction shall include, but is not limited to, current practices relating to commercial real estate, property management, short sales, and land contracts; contract law; federal and state programs; economic conditions; and fiduciary responsibility. (2) A licensed foreign real estate dealer or licensed foreign real estate salesperson who is acting in a fiduciary capacity for a bona fide owner of foreign real estate in the sale or lease of that real estate, or who is otherwise dealing in foreign real estate in a fiduciary capacity for its bona fide owner, in a single transaction and not by way of repeated or successive transactions for that owner, need not qualify such real estate under this section. The superintendent of real estate may assess the applicant or licensee a fee equal to the fee assessed for the criminal records check. (C) If a person whose license is in a permanently resigned status pursuant to a request made under this section wishes to obtain an active or inactive license, the person shall apply for such a license in accordance with the requirements specified in section 4735.07 or 4735.09 of the Revised Code, as applicable, or in the rules adopted by the commission pursuant to division (A) of section 4735.10 of the Revised Code. (3) At or prior to entering into any agreements for the purpose of exploring for, transporting, producing, or developing oil and gas mineral interests including, but not limited to, oil and gas leases and pipeline easements with any landowner or other person with an interest in real estate, and on a form approved by the superintendent, discloses to the landowner or other person with an interest in real estate all of the following: (b) That the oil and gas land professional is registered as such with the superintendent and a member in good standing in a national, state, or local professional organization that has been in existence for at least three years and has, as part of its mission, developed a set of standards of performance and ethics for oil and gas land professionals; (d) That the landowner or other person may seek legal counsel in connection with any transaction with the oil and gas land professional; (B) Any oil and gas land professional who must be registered as such with the superintendent pursuant to this section who ceases to be a member in good standing of an organization described in division (A)(1)(a)(ii) of this section shall report the change in membership status to the superintendent within thirty days of that change. No such license shall be reactivated until it is established, to the satisfaction of the superintendent, that the requirements of this section have been met. The Ohio partition fence laws work on the notion that a landowner doesn't have to take any drastic measures to . (DD) "Distance education" means courses required by divisions (B)(6) and (G) of section 4735.07, divisions (F)(6) and (J) of section 4735.09, and division (A) of section 4735.141 of the Revised Code in which instruction is accomplished through use of interactive, electronic media and where the teacher and student are separated by distance or time, or both. Hon. (5) In conjunction with the enforcement of this chapter, issue advisory letters in lieu of initiating disciplinary action under section 4735.051 or 4735.052 of the Revised Code or issuing a citation under section 4735.16 or 4735.181 of the Revised Code. An itemized statement of such cost shall be furnished to the applicant. If the real estate broker has not less than eleven nor more than twenty real estate salespersons associated with the broker, an additional fee of sixty-four dollars shall be assessed to the brokerage. The superintendent of real estate shall comply with section 4776.20 of the Revised Code.