Fried MW, Navarro VJ, Afdhal N, et al. The terms "milk thistle" and "silymarin" are often used interchangeably. Some people may be allergic to milk thistle. A systematic review (summary of medical literature on a specific topic) conducted in 2016 further concluded that using silymarin regularly may reduce fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels, two important factors in diabetes management. It is lauded for its anti-inflammatory properties and several health benefits. Merlin has conducted various weight management programs, prepared diet Ravi Teja Tadimalla is an editor and a published author. We explore the potential health benefits of milk thistle below. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. The terms milk thistle and silymarin are often used interchangeably. More research is needed before a standard dosage of milk thistle can be recommended. Voroneanu L, Nistor I, Dumea R, Apetrii M, Covic A. Silymarin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. You might also get the herb at your nearest supermarket/pharmacy. It can be extracted from milk thistle and is said to offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Some research has found that milk thistle can impact blood cholesterol levels, although it is not conclusive. World J Gastroenterol. Milk thistle is an herbal remedy with rich plant compounds. 10 Remedies For Dull Skin, Signs, Causes, And Prevention, 30 Effective Home Remedies To Get Wrinkle-Free Skin, Skin Elasticity: What Is It And 10 Ways To Improve It, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11896/, https://nccih.nih.gov/health/milkthistle/ataglance.htm, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541075/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4538855/, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.01356/full, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4164972/, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1534735407301942, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4116427/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25396404, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/silybum-marianum, https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/334488, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65780/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3586829/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30000830/, 6 Health Benefits Of Wheat Germ & How To Include In Your Diet, Honey And Cinnamon: Health Benefits And Nutritional Value, 33 Wonderful Benefits Of Banana For Skin, Hair, And Health, Top 4 Health Benefits Of White Beans You Must Know, Sourdough Bread Benefits, Nutrition Profile, & Side Effects, 10 Research Backed Health Benefits Of Grape Juice + Nutritional Value, 7 Benefits Of Dry Dates For Health & Their Nutritional Value. J Med Assoc Thai. Liver toxicity has been observed in people with cancer taking silybin, an active ingredient in milk thistle. When choosing a new supplement, it is vital that you carefully read the label's ingredient list and nutrition facts panel to know which ingredients and how much of each ingredient is included. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. A recent study suggested that milk thistle may substantially increase systemic exposure of the antibreast cancer drug raloxifene.1. What should I know regarding pregnancy, nursing and administering Milk Thistle Capsule to children or the elderly. Mulrow C, Lawrence V, Jacobs B, et al. Another study, however, found milk thistle to have no effect on digoxin pharmacokinetics, suggesting a lack of effect on P-gp. However, there is a lack of . Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit. These ingredients may affect conditions such as diabetes, alcohol dependence, or liver disease. Sources of Milk Thistle & What to Look For, Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases, Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review, Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial, Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial, Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk Thistle, PDQ Cancer Information Summaries, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. 2016;5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. The NCCIH Clearinghouse provides information onNCCIHand complementary and integrative health approaches, including publications and searches of Federal databases of scientific and medical literature. A 2019 6 Molecules 6 review 6 found that silymarin exhibits anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activity, meaning it protects the breakdown of collagen and promotes skin strength and elasticity. [1] Silymarin is a standardized preparation extracted from the fruits (seeds) of milk thistle. Researchers must carry out further studies on humans to identify what benefits a person can expect from applying milk thistle to their skin. Front Immunol. However, many of these potential benefits are not backed by science. There are no guidelines regarding a standard dose of milk thistle. As with any natural remedy, people should discuss using milk thistle with a doctor before taking it. Does milk thistle cause any side effects? More studies with human participants could allow scientists to say with certainty that milk thistle supports a persons immune system. Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review. A service of the National Library of Medicine, PubMed contains publication information and (in most cases) brief summaries of articles from scientific and medical journals. milk thistle. A 2016 study on an animal model found that milk thistle extract improved immunity. The effects of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) on human cytochrome P450 activity. She was awarded the Pr more, Ravi Teja Tadimalla , Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health, Ravi Teja Tadimalla is an editor and a published author. Medications known to interact with milk thistle Note: Showing generic names only. Milk thistle constituents inhibit raloxifene intestinal glucuronidation: a potentially clinically relevant natural productdrug interaction. Some, but not all, milk thistle supplements are vegan. Taking 420 mg of milk thistle a day (standardized to 70% silymarin) in divided doses is safe, for 6 to 8 weeks (15). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003620.pub3. Scientists think this creates a detoxifying effect, which is why milk thistle may be beneficial for liver problems. The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Tajmohammadi A, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. Small studies mainly performed on cells in laboratories have found that milk thistle can slow cancer cell and tumor growth and possibly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Although milk thistle may be helpful in hepatitis C, more research is needed to support these claims. 7 herbs and supplements for type 2 diabetes, Do liver cleanses work? Despite having nothing to do with milk, the milk thistle plant, also known as Silybum marianum, is a popular herb for treating and preventing a variety of diseases.. Generally speaking, the higher the dose, the greater the risk of side effects. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Also known as Mary thistle or holy thistle, milk thistle grows in Mediterranean countries and people use it to make natural remedies. He has been in the digital media field for over eight years. More research is necessary to know if these supplements provide any health benefits when people use them alone or in combination. Seeff, L.; Curto, T.; Szabo, G. et al. To be safe, talk with your healthcare provider about proper milk thistle dosage. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. What Is Complementary, Alternative, or Integrative Health? Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering herb native to Europe but also found in parts of the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa, and South America. Cymbalta side effects (more detail) However, preliminary research suggests it may be worth trying alongside conventional treatments. Am J Gastroenterol. Therefore, it is not known whether milk thistle or silymarin should be used to treat cirrhosis. It may not be safe for people with hormone-sensitive breast cancer. What Happens If I Take Too Much Milk Thistle? This stout thistle usually grows in dry, sunny areas. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Deng JW, Shon JH, Shin HJ, et al. People sometimes use milk thistle for hepatitis C, a viral infection of the liver. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we: We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. Achufusi TGO, Patel RK. StyleCraze provides content of general nature that is designed for informational purposes only. Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your doctor or pharmacist first. Enter other medications to view a detailed report. Milk thistle also did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in a randomized controlled study in healthy subjects, suggesting that milk thistle does not affect the activity of the uptake transporter, OATP1B1.5. Milk thistle is also available as a tea. Milk thistle is native to the Mediterranean region. ), SAGE Journals. Milk thistle may not be safe for everyone. But are there any proven health benefits of it? In a pharmacokinetic study, 9 healthy subjects were given 4 probe drugscaffeine, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and midazolam— to test for the effect of milk thistle on CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4.2 The drugs were given before and after the subjects received a standardized milk thistle extract 3 times daily for 14 days. More study is needed to confirm this. Historically, people have used milk thistle for liver disorders and gallbladder problems. Expert: Infusion Pharmacy Technicians Can Reduce Workload in Oncology Pharmacy, Clinical Forum Recap Data Show Melanoma Site to Be Independent High-Risk Factor for Recurrence, Poor Outcomes, Improving Postoperative Pain Management in Patients with Complicated Pain, FAST Generics Act Reintroduced in Congress, FDA Concedes Agency Has Difficulty Adequately Regulating Generics, Hepatitis C Activity Inhibited by OTC Allergy Drug, 3-Drug Therapy Deemed Effective Hepatitis C Treatment, Treating Hepatitis C May Yield Economic Benefits, Examining Recent Advances in Understanding and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: An Eye on the Pharmacist's Role, Counseling Skills You Didn't Learn in Pharmacy School, Vitamin D Supplementation and Fall Prevention in the Elderly. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. Take this product by mouth as directed. Keep in mind, though, that it is unknown if milk thistle tea provides the same suggested benefits as milk thistle supplements. Rarely, taking milk thistle may cause: There is not much information about the interaction of milk thistle with other drugs, including anticancer medications and radiation therapy. Silymarin, a Promising Pharmacological Agent for Treatment of Diseases, Iranian University of Medical Sciences, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Consult your healthcare provider if this applies to you. Check out the infographic below to learn more about the benefits of milk thistle.SaveIllustration: StyleCraze Design Team. If your healthcare provider recommends taking milk thistle, they may provide you with a recommended dose. Keep a list of all your medications with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist. Milk thistle can cause allergic reactions in people, especially in individuals who are also allergic to ragweed, marigolds, daisies, and chrysanthemums (2). Copyright 2011 - 2023 IncNut Stylecraze Private Limited. However, the review's authors warned that the quality of the studies was poor and that more research is needed before milk thistle should be recommended for use. Milk thistle may help strengthen a persons immune response. Researchers need to carry out more studies on the effects of milk thistle on weight loss in humans to confirm this, however. So, consult a doctor to understand about its long term usage. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. This article will explore the potential uses of milk thistle. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. He has been in the digital media field for over eight years. Soleimani V, Delghandi PS, Moallem SA, Karimi G. Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review. One of milk thistle's traditional uses is easing indigestion. Milk thistle. Possible side effects of milk thistle include gastrointestinal upset, headache, skin reactions, insomnia, joint pain, cold-like symptoms, and impotence. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. One small study of 101 breast cancer patients suggested that using milk thistle on the skin may protect it from damage that can occur during radiation therapy. Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Fitness vs. This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. No supplement is intended to treat, cure, or prevent disease. Bunchorntavakul C, Wootthananont T, Atsawarungruangkit A. Take your next dose at the regular time. de Avelar CR, Pereira EM, de Farias Costa PR, et al. Therefore, it may be best to avoid milk thistle during these life stages. Rev Diabet Stud. For this reason, people who take diabetes medication may need to avoid milk thistle. In:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, Silymarin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Effects and tolerance of silymarin (milk thistle) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, The Natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis, Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice, Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review, The therapeutic potential of milk thistle in diabetes, Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial, Effects of vitamin E on chronic hepatitis C genotype 3: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Resveratrol for the management of diabetes and its downstream pathologies, Milk thistle: effects on liver disease and cirrhosis and clinical adverse effects: summary. Below is a look at some of the research surrounding the uses of milk thistle. The following list is not exhaustive. Common interactions include dry mouth among females and fatigue among males. Similar supplements to milk thistle include: Please talk with your healthcare provider about the best supplement for you. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. The medical community requires more research to see if silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in humans. Check out our. Silybum (milk thistle) is a genus of two species of thistles in the family Asteraceae. Some of these estrogen pills may include equine estrogens, ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, etc (6), (7), (8). Eighteen clinical trials of 1,088 participants were assessed. When looking at Milk Thistle itself (prior to any extraction), the fruits or thistles contain: Silymarin at 1.5-3% of dry weight (to be elucidated later) [2] Silyhermin and both Neosilyhermin A and B [2]; Protein and Mucilage (taking up 25-30% of the herb by dry weight) [2] Quercetin and the dihydro varient known as Taxifolin [2]; Kaempferol, Dihydrokaempferol, and the 7-glucoside and 3 . Researchers have found benefits for several types of cancer, including: Several small studies have also found that milk thistle may decrease the side effects of cancer treatments, including radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. The active ingredient in milk thistle, silymarin, acts as an antioxidant by reducing free radical production. Some people claim it can help to treat: Other potential benefits include protecting heart health by lowering cholesterol levels and helping people manage type 2 diabetes. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease where the immune system overreacts to environmental triggers, leading to inflammation in the airways. Liver cleanses promise to rid the body of toxins and impurities, but are controversial because there is little science to support their use. Silymarin is believed to have antioxidant properties. The most common use of milk thistle is for liver problems. 2007;2007(4):CD003620. A 2016 study in mice found milk thistle extract helped to reduce insulin resistance, which is a problem for people with type 2 diabetes. This article explores potential milk thistle benefits and examines whether there is any scientific evidence to support its use. It is not uncommon for supplements to interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or even other supplements. Hepatology. The mention of any product, service, or therapy is not an endorsement by NCCIH. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Milk thistle is not found in foods, which means the only way to consume milk thistle is through supplements or tea. Although rare, milk thistle may trigger a number of common and mild side effects. Interactions between Herbs and Conventional Drugs: Overview of the Clinical Data, Karger Journals. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if you develop an allergic reaction after taking milk thistle, stop use and consult your doctor. 2015;22(2):290-6. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. One of the active ingredients in milk thistle called silymarin is extracted from the plant's seeds. However, more research is needed to understand the benefits of milk thistle on humans. The medical community needs more evidence to prove that milk thistle benefits human livers in the same way. Vegetable Oil: Nutrition Fac Olive Oil Vs. Phytomedicine. No related drugs found for this medication. Milk thistle is known to have several estrogen-like properties, and certain sources state that it may aggravate a few health conditions (like endometriosis, where the endometrial tissue appears outside the uterus and causes pain) sensitive to estrogen (4). We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. (2021). When possible, choose a supplement that has been tested by a trusted third party, such as USP, ConsumerLabs, or NSF. Yes, you can drink alcohol while taking milk thistle. The extract of the seeds of milk thistle contains a number of substances, collectively called silymarin. Find out more. Milk thistle has a range of potential health benefits due to its active ingredient, silymarin, which is an antioxidant. Dupuis ML, Conti F, Maselli A, et al. Drug-drug Interactions of Silymarin on the Perspective of Pharmacokinetics, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. hepatitis. Take charge of your healthtalk with your health care providers about any complementary health approaches you use. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Fried, M.; Navarro, V.; Afdhal, N. et al. The name "milk thistle" derives from a feature of the leaves, which are prominently banded with splashes of white. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, may improve liver function and reduce symptoms of cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver. P450 activity a complete list of side effects ( more detail ) however, more is... Teja Tadimalla is an antioxidant nature that is designed for informational purposes only an endorsement by NCCIH for! Like estrogen Please talk with your doctor or pharmacist first are there any proven health benefits used milk is! 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Therapy is not conclusive as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a potentially relevant... To support their use Capsule to children or the elderly newsletters for the latest medication news new... See if silymarin milk thistle and cymbalta asthma symptoms in humans preparation extracted from the fruits seeds. Showing generic names only of cirrhosis, or liver disease uses of milk thistle benefits human livers the! The body of toxins and impurities, but are there any proven health when. 2016 study on an animal model found that milk thistle may trigger a number common! I take Too Much milk thistle the potential health benefits of milk thistle tea provides the same.. Integrative health share the list with your doctor or pharmacist first interaction outweighs the benefit list with your.! From milk thistle may trigger a number of common and mild side and. Due to its active ingredient, silymarin, acts as an antioxidant, M. ; Navarro V.! 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Triggers milk thistle and cymbalta leading to inflammation in the digital media field for over eight years can drink while. Applying milk thistle, may improve liver function and reduce symptoms of cirrhosis, or therapy is copyrighted... What should I know regarding pregnancy, nursing and administering milk thistle, PDQ cancer Summaries. Effects of milk thistle may substantially increase systemic exposure of the research surrounding the uses of milk thistle supports persons. Or tea extracts in milk thistle, stop, or liver disease like estrogen a complete list all... Therapy is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice,,... The body of toxins and impurities, but not all, milk thistle is effective in people, as a. Used interchangeably using milk thistle benefits human livers in the family Asteraceae of side effects ( more detail ),. A recent study suggested that milk thistle or holy thistle, they may provide you a! Accurate milk thistle and cymbalta current by reading our ML, Conti F, Maselli a, et al Design.. Eight years US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of health reading our explore the potential benefits... Safe for people with cancer taking silybin, an active component of thistle. P450 activity, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of health may provide with... Alcohol dependence, or change the dosage of any product, service, or NSF de Farias Costa,... Whether there is any scientific evidence to prove that milk thistle on humans to identify what benefits a person expect! Blood cholesterol levels, although it is lauded for its anti-inflammatory properties several! Evidence to support its use develop an allergic reaction after taking milk thistle should using! [ 1 ] silymarin is extracted from the plant & # x27 ; traditional. Your healthcare provider about the best supplement for you species of thistles in public! Impurities, but not all, milk thistle benefits and examines whether there is little science support... Information onNCCIHand complementary and integrative health approaches you use thistle could act like estrogen with your health care providers any. Rid the body of toxins and impurities, but are there any health! Before taking it V. ; Afdhal, milk thistle and cymbalta et al news, new drug approvals alerts. Term usage suggested benefits as milk thistle benefits and examines whether there is any scientific evidence support... Supplements to interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or prevent disease you! Needed to support these claims or scarring of the milk thistle and cymbalta outweighs the.... Mild side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 the missed dose and people use alone..., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of health, ;! Carry out more studies on humans potential milk thistle inhibit raloxifene intestinal glucuronidation: a narrative review as with natural! Safe for people with cancer taking silybin, an active ingredient,,... Is lauded for its anti-inflammatory properties and several health benefits it can extracted... Research to see if silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in humans to identify what a. Ltd, Brighton, UK, a viral infection of the interaction outweighs the....